Massekke Tradition: Syncretism of Local Culture and Islamic Sharia in the Fishermen’s Community at the Spermonde Archipelago, South Sulawesi
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.28918/jhi_v21i1_05Abstract
Zakah is an obligation for Muslims which is strictly regulated in Islamic law, but in Muslim communities in Indonesia, its implementation cannot be separated from local traditions. This research discusses the Massekke tradition in implementing Zakah and cultural syncretism in the Massekke tradition in fisherman communities in the Spermonde Islands, South Sulawesi. This socio-juridical research uses a qualitative approach. The analysis technique uses interactive models. The results show that the fisherman's community in the Spermonde Islands recognizes two types of Zakah, namely sekke fittara (Zakah al-fitr) and sekke warang parang (Zakah on the property). Zakah payments are made in the middle of the month of Ramadan until the end of the month of Ramadan in the form of rice or money accompanied by pelleng (candlenut) and candles as a symbol which means that the Zakah payer has a clear heart when paying Zakah, which begins with mappacci as a form of purification of property, body and soul. Mustahik ( recipient of Zakah) among fisherman"s communities at the Spermonde Islands, namely guru pangngaji (Qur'an teacher), puang imam (Imam of the Mosque), sanro pammanaq (midwife) and community leaders. The mixing of Islamic law and local culture in the massekke tradition is a cultural syncretism that is alive and preserved in local communities in Indonesia.
Keywords:
References
Abdullah, Anzar. “Islamisasi Di Sulawesi Selatan Dalam Perspektif Sejarah.” Paramita: Historical Studies Journal 26, no. 1 (2016): 86–94. https://doi.org/10.15294/paramita.v26i1.5148.
Ade Nur Rohim. “Revitalisasi Peran Dan Kedudukan Amil Zakah Dalam Perekonomian.” Journal of Islamic Economics and Finance Studies 1, no. 1 (2020): 41–61.
Agus, Nuraida. “Toponimi Salemo: Bahasa, Sastra Dan Identitas Budaya.” In Pangaji Salemo: Rekonstruksi & Kontinuitas Keulamaan Nusantara, edited by M.Alie Humaedi and Husnul Fahimah Ilyas, 45. Bantul: LKiS, 2022.
Aibak, Kutbuddin. “Zakah Dalam Perspektif Maqashid Al-Syariah.” Ahkam: Jurnal Hukum Islam 3, no. 2 (2015): 199–218. https://doi.org/10.21274/ahkam.2015.3.2.199-218.
Alpiani. “Pola Hubungan Dan Sistem Bagi Hasil Punggawa-Sawi Pada Alat Tangkap Bagan Rambo Di Kabupaten Barru.” Gorontalo Fisheries Journal 2, no. 1 (2019): 37–48.
Azis, Atri Dewi. “Symbolic Meanings of Equipments Used in Mappacci Buginese Traditional Ceremony.” Jurnal Ilmiah Profesi Pendidikan 6, no. 1 (2021): 108–13. https://doi.org/10.29303/jipp.v6i1.167.
Aziz, Muhammad Izzuddin Abdul, and Heru Susetyo. “Dinamika Pengelolaan Zakah Oleh Negara Di Beberapa Provinsi Di Indonesia Pasca Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2011.” Jurnal Hukum & Pembangunan 49, no. 4 (2020): 968–77. https://doi.org/10.21143/jhp.vol49.no4.2352.
Aziz, Muhammad, and Sholikah Sholikah. “Zakah Profesi Dalam Perspektif Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2011 Dan Hukum Islam.” Ulul Albab: Jurnal Studi Islam 15, no. 2 (2015): 188–205. https://doi.org/10.18860/ua.v15i2.2665.
Badan Pusat Statistik Sulawesi Selatan. “Jumlah Pulau 2019,” 2022. https://sulsel.bps.go.id/indicator/153/1625/1/jumlah-pulau.html.
Bahtiar, Bahtiar. “Orang Melayu Di Sulawesi Selatan.” Walasuji : Jurnal Sejarah Dan Budaya 9, no. 2 (2018): 373–87. https://doi.org/10.36869/wjsb.v9i2.54.
Benuf, Kornelius, and Muhammad Azhar. “Metodologi Penelitian Hukum Sebagai Instrumen Mengurai Permasalahan Hukum Kontemporer.” Refleksi Hukum: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum 3, no. 2 (2019): 20–33. https://doi.org/10.24246/jrh.2019.v3.i2.p145-160.
Cahyani, Andi Intan. “Zakah Profesi Dalam Era Kontemporer.” El-Iqthisadi : Jurnal Hukum Ekonomi Syariah Fakultas Syariah Dan Hukum 2, no. 2 (2020): 162–74. https://doi.org/10.24252/el-iqthisadi.v2i2.18351.
Chandra, Wahyu. “Ekosistem Laut Kepulauan Spermonde Rusak Parah.” Mongabay, 2013. https://www.mongabay.co.id/2013/07/24/ekosistem-laut-kepulauan-spermonde-rusak-parah/.
Chaniago, Siti Aminah. “Pemberdayaan Zakah Produktif Dalam Pemberantasan Kemiskinan.” Jurnal Hukum Islam 10, no. 2 (2016): 241–64. https://doi.org/10.28918/jhi.v10i2.567.
Choiriyah, Evi Aninatin Nimatul, Abdul Kafi, Irma Faikhotul Hikmah, and Imam Wahyudi Indrawan. “Zakah and Poverty Alleviation in Indonesia: A Panel Analysis At Provincial Level.” Journal of Islamic Monetary Economics and Finance 6, no. 4 (2020): 811–32. https://doi.org/10.21098/jimf.v6i4.1122.
Dinas Penanaman Modal Pelayanan Terpadu Satu Pintu. “Profil Kabupaten Pangkep,” 2022. https://dpmptsppangkep.link/index.php/profil-daerah-kab-pangkep/.
Hamama, Faten, Abd. Rahim Arsyad, and Iskandar. “Metode Wetonan (Mangaji Tudang) Sebagai Media Berdakwah K.H. Abdurrahman Ambo Dalle Di Pondok Pesantren DDI Mangkoso.” Komunida: Media Komunikasi Dan Dakwah 6, no. 2 (2016): 1–21. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.35905/komunida.v6i2.404.
Hamid, M. Arfin. Kulturisasi Syariah Islam: Upaya Menginternalisasi Hukum Islam Dalam Proses Berbangsa Dan Bernegara (Sebuah Pendekatan Konstitusional). Islam. Makassar: CV. Tohar Miedia, 2021.
Hamid, Wardiah. “Geneologi Intelektual Ulama Awal Abad XX Di Kabupaten Bulukumba Dan Bantaeng Sulawesi Selatan.” Jurnal SMART (Studi Masyarakat, Religi, Dan Tradisi) 5, no. 2 (2019): 187–200. https://doi.org/10.18784/smart.v5i2.731.
———. “Jejak Dan Kiprah Ulama Pinrang Awal Abad XX.” Al-Qalam: Jurnal Penelitian Agama Dan Sosial Budaya 25, no. 2 (2019): 405–20. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.31969/alq.v25i2.
Harahap, Junardi. “Kesadaran BerZakah Umat Islam Di Indonesia: Suatu Perspektif Antropologi Dan Sosiologi.” Jurnal Masyarakat Dan Filantropi Islam 1, no. 1 (2018): 7–8. https://doi.org/10.24198/masy%20filantropi.v1i1.
Iskandar, Azwar, et al. "Islamic philanthropy and poverty reduction in Indonesia: The role of integrated Islamic social and commercial finance institutions." AL-IHKAM: Jurnal Hukum & Pranata Sosial 16.2 (2021): 274-301. http://doi.org/10.19105/al-ihkam.v16i2.5026
Jahar, Asep Saepudin. "Developing Islamic philanthropy for human rights: The Indonesian experience." 1st International Conference of Law and Justice-Good Governance and Human Rights in Muslim Countries: Experiences and Challenges (ICLJ 2017). Atlantis Press, 2017. https://doi.org/10.2991/iclj-17.2018.1
Khan, Shair Ali. “The Term ‘Zakah’ in the Quran and The Semantic Effects of Its Translational Variation Example From English Translations of Quran.” Journal of Education and Social Sciences 5, no. October (2016): 173–87. https://www.jesoc.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/JESOC5_1.pdf.
Khasandy, Elleriz Aisha, and Rudy Badrudin. “The Influence of Zakah on Economic Growth and Welfare Society in Indonesia.” Integrated Journal of Business and Economics 3, no. 1 (2019): 65. https://doi.org/10.33019/ijbe.v3i1.89.
Killian, Nursinita. “Potensi Dan Implementasi Zakah Pertanian Di Desa Akeguraci Kecamatan Oba Tengah Kota Tidore Kepulauan.” Mizan: Journal of Islamic Law 4, no. 2 (2020): 225–36. https://doi.org/10.32507/mizan.v4i2.817.
Mallin, Christine, Hisham Farag, and Kean Ow-Yong. "Corporate social responsibility and financial performance in Islamic banks." Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization 103 (2014): S21-S38. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jebo.2014.03.001
MBP, Abdurrahman. “Rekonstruksi "Islam Teh Sunda, Sunda Teh Islam.” Asy-Syari‘Ah 17, no. 1 (2015): 19–28. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.15575/as.v19i1.
Nurdin, Nurjannah. Informasi Geospasial Gugusan Pulau Kecil Kepulauan Spermonde. Yogyakarta: Penerbit Andi, 2020.
Olanipekun, Wahid Damilola, Aminu Nassir Brimah, and Haruna Baba Sanusi. “The Role of Zakah as a Poverty Alleviation Strategy and a Tool for Sustainable Development : Insights from the Perspectives of the Holy Prophet (PBUH).” Arabian Journal of Business and Management Review 5, no. 3 (2015): 8–17. https://doi.org/10.12816/0019109.
Qasim, Dika Sastriani, and Nila Sastrawati. “Efektivitas Pengelolaan Zakah Oleh Badan Amil Zakah Nasional Kabupaten Wajo.” Siyasatuna 3, no. 1 (2022): 220–32.
Rabbani, Mustafa Raza, et al. "Exploring the role of islamic fintech in combating the aftershocks of covid-19: The open social innovation of the islamic financial system." Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity 7.2 (2021): 136. https://doi.org/10.3390/joitmc7020136
Rasyid, Abd. “Distribusi Klorofil-a Pada Musim Peralihan Barat-Timur Di Perairan Spermonde Propinsi Sulawesi Selatan.” Jurnal Sains Dan Teknologi 9, no. 2 (2009): 125–32.
Retnaningdyah, Catur, Luchman Hakim, Arina Mana Sikana, and Rispah Hamzah. “Keterkaitan Aktivitas Manusia Dengan Kualitas Ekosistem Perairan Pantai Di Kepulauan Spermonde, Makasar, Sulawesi Selatan.” Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology 7, no. 3 (2019): 129–35. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.biotropika.2019.007.03.6.
Ritonga, M. Aziz, and Erta Mahyudin. “Review of Zakah, Infaq, and Shadaqah as a Similar Terminology.” In Proceedings Ofthe 1st International Conference on Recent Innovations (ICRI), 801–8. Jakarta: The SciTePress Digital Library (Science and Technology Publications, Lda), 2018. https://doi.org/10.5220/0009917608010808.
Salam, Rahayu. “Assitulungeng : Bentuk Tolong Menolong Dalam Upacara Akikah Di Pulau Salemo.” Walasuji 15, no. 2 (2014): 327–39.
Sarmada, Zaky Mubarok, and Mushlih Candrakusuma. “Sinergi Amil Zakah Indonesia: Kontekstualisasi Konsep Amil Zakah Berdasar Perundang-Undangan.” Al-Mabsut: Jurnal Studi Islam Dan Sosial 15, no. 1 (2021): 75–91. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.56997/almabsut.v15i1.507.
Satria, Arif. Pengantar Sosiologi Masyarakat Pesisir. Jakarta: Yayasan Pustaka Obor Indonesia, 2015.
Shihab, M. Quraish. Tafsir Al-Mishbah: Pesan, Kesan Dan Keserasian Al-Qur’an. Vol. 04. Jakarta: Lentera Hati, 2005.
Sritimuryati, Sritimuryati. “Beras Sebagai Komoditi Utama Dalam Perdagangan Maritim Di Makassar.” Walasuji : Jurnal Sejarah Dan Budaya 9, no. 1 (2018): 129–40. https://doi.org/10.36869/wjsb.v9i1.26.
Suaidi. “Persepsi Masyarakat Pesisir Madura Terhadap Mustahiq Zakah (Kajian Atas Pemberian Zakah Fitrah Kepada Kyai Di Dusun Laok Tambak, Desa Padelegan, Kec. Pademawu, Kab. Pamekasan).” Jurisdictie: Jurnal Hukum Dan Syariah 1, no. 2 (2005): 53–58. https://doi.org/10.18860/j.v0i0.1585.
Sulaeman, Rifaldi Majid, and Tika Widiastuti. “The Impact of Zakah on Socio-Economic Welfare before COVID-19 Pandemic in Indonesia: A Quantitative Study.” International Journal of Zakah 6, no. 2 (2021): 75–90. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.37706/ijaz.v6i2.301.
Syahril. “Menengok Sejarah Pulau Spermonde Di Selatan Sulawesi,” 2020. https://mamminasata.com/2020/10/21/menengok-keindahan-kepulauan-spermonde/.
Tang, Mahmud. Aneka Ragam Pengaturan Sekuritas Sosial Di Bekas Kerajaan Berru Sulawesi Selatan Indonesia. Wageninengen: Grafisch Service Cantrum Van Gils, B.V., 1996.
Widiastuti, Tika, et al. "Developing an integrated model of Islamic social finance: toward an effective governance framework." Heliyon Vol.8.No. 9 (2022); 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10383
Wan Mohd Khairul Firdaus, Wan Khairuldin, and Mohammad Mahadi. “The Philosophy and Elasticity of Zakah Distribution in Islam.” International Journal of Education and Research 1, no. 8 (2013): 1–12. https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/222964134.pdf.
Yani, Andi Ahmad. “Otonomi Daerah Dan Pelayanan Publik Di Kepulauan Spermonde, Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan,” 2010.
Zainuddin, and Sahban. “Reinterpretasi Riqab Sebagai Korban Eksploitasi Seksual Dalam Hukum Zakah.” Masalah-Masalah Hukum 50, no. 1 (2021): 17–23. https://doi.org/10.14710/mmh.50.1.2021.17-23.
Zainuddin, Zainuddin. “Restorative Justice Concept on Jarimah Qishas in Islamic Criminal Law.” Jurnal Dinamika Hukum 17, no. 3 (2017): 335. https://doi.org/10.20884/1.jdh.2017.17.3.826.
Downloads
Published
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Jurnal Hukum Islam
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Jurnal Hukum Islam use a variety of waivers and licenses that are specifically designed for and appropriate for the treatment of data:
- Open Data Commons Attribution License, http://www.opendatacommons.org/licenses/by/1.0/(default)
- Creative Commons CC-Zero Waiver, http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/
- Open Data Commons Public Domain Dedication and License, http://www.opendatacommons.org/licenses/pddl/1-0/
Other data publishing licenses may be allowed as exceptions (subject to approval by the editor on a case-by-case basis) and should be justified with a written statement from the author, which will be published with the article.
