Newman's Error Analysis untuk Memetakan Tingkat Kesalahan Siswa dalam Menyelesaikan Soal Cerita Matematika dan Penyebabnya

Abstract

Most students in Indonesia face difficulties in solving math word problems. This study mapped the level of errors made by students in finding solutions to mathematical problems which were written as one sentence or more on integer material. This type of research was a descriptive study using a qualitative approach. The research instruments used were test and interview sheets. A total of eight students in junior high school were analyzed. The Newman's Error Analysis (NEA) method was used to identify the type of error. There were five stages analyzed, namely reading, comprehension, transformation, processing, and encoding. Data collection technique used in this research is written test. The analysis results showed that the highest level of student error was at the stage of process skills with a percentage of 58.33%, which was very high. Meanwhile, the smallest difficulty level was the reading stage by 6.08%, which was very small. Then, the error rate at the comprehension stage was in the sufficient category, namely 25.58%. both stages of transformation and encoding resulted in the error rate in the high category, where each had a percentage of 50.42% and 47.92%, respectively. The factors that influence student error, including lack of mastery of the material, lack of doing practice questions, carelessness when working on the questions, and the students' low motivation.