Sastra Populer Media Baru dan Tantangan Pendidikan Sastra di Era Literasi Digital
Abstract
Platform digital telah mengubah proses publikasi, sirkulasi, penemuan, dan evaluasi karya sastra, sekaligus membuka peluang partisipasi pembaca dan menghadirkan tantangan baru bagi pendidikan sastra. Namun, tingginya keterlibatan digital dan visibilitas karya pada platform tidak serta-merta menunjukkan kedalaman pemahaman sastra, kualitas estetik, maupun legitimasi institusional. Artikel ini mengkaji bagaimana sastra populer digital, khususnya Wattpad dan komunitas BookTok di TikTok, membentuk praktik membaca serta memunculkan tantangan pedagogis dalam pendidikan sastra pada era literasi digital. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif-konseptual melalui sintesis kritis terhadap literatur mengenai budaya sastra digital, partisipasi pembaca, visibilitas yang dimediasi platform, legitimasi sastra, dan pedagogi sastra. Analisis membedakan visibilitas platform, popularitas pembaca, legitimasi sosial, legitimasi institusional, dan kompetensi interpretatif sebagai dimensi yang saling berkaitan, tetapi tidak identik. Berdasarkan sintesis tersebut, artikel ini mengusulkan Model Negosiasi Kurasi Literasi yang menghubungkan tiga dimensi, yaitu ekosistem sastra digital, mediasi pedagogis, dan capaian interpretatif. Model ini menekankan pembacaan mendalam, penggunaan bukti tekstual, perbandingan interpretasi, evaluasi kritis terhadap rekomendasi digital, serta refleksi atas praktik membaca yang dimediasi platform. Artikel ini menawarkan kerangka konseptual untuk menghubungkan pengalaman siswa dalam ekosistem sastra digital dengan praktik interpretasi sastra yang kritis dan berbasis bukti. Meskipun demikian, model tersebut masih bersifat teoretis dan memerlukan pengujian empiris untuk menilai penerapan serta efektivitasnya dalam berbagai konteks pendidikan.
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