The disparity between attitudes towards oral interaction and classroom performances: The case of senior secondary school EFL teachers in Ethiopia

Authors

  • Tesfa Bella Defa Oda Nabe Senior Secondary School, Dukam, Ormoia Regional State, Ethiopia
  • Abebe Damtew Berlie Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.28918/erudita.v6i1.14618

Abstract

Purpose — This study investigates the contradiction between senior secondary school EFL teachers’ attitudes on the significance of oral interaction in promoting students’ language proficiency and their classroom performances. It also aims to identify the challenges that prevent teachers from engaging in oral interaction as they perceive it should be.

Design/methodology/approach — To do so, a qualitative approach, case study design was used. Data were gathered from six purposefully selected teachers through observations and interviews.

Findings — The results show that senior secondary school EFL teachers have a positive attitude towards oral interaction in EFL teaching and recognize its significance. However, they do not use it during instruction due to obstructions caused by students, classroom facilities, instructional materials, and teachers.

Implications — It contributes to the emergent body of research on the deterioration of students’ oral proficiency and teachers’ methodological knowledge. Moreover, they justify the necessity of prerequisite actions worth taking to address the problems before assigning the entire responsibility to them for students’ low English language proficiency.

Originality — Its novelty lies in its investigation of the gap between what English as a foreign language (EFL) teachers believe about the importance of oral interaction and what they actually do in their classrooms.

Keywords:

Classroom performances, Oral interaction, Teachers’ challenges, Teachers’ attitudes

References

Abduh, A., & Rosemaladewi (2016). Teaching English for beginning level. Universitas Negeri Makassar.

Adaba, H. (2017). Exploring the practice of teacher-student classroom interaction in EFL to

develop the learners’ speaking skills in Tullu Sangota primary school grade eight students in focus. Arts Social Sciences Journal, (8), 295–306. https://doi.org/10.4172/2151-6200.1000295

Alahmadi, N. (2019). The role of input in second language acquisition: An overview of four theories. Bulletin of Advanced English Studies (BAES), 3(2), 70–78. https://www.refaad.com/views/BAES/home.aspx

Akdemir, E., & Özçelik, C., (2019). The investigation of the attitudes of teachers towards using student centered teaching methods and techniques. Universal Journal of Educational Research, 7(4), 1147–1153. https://doi.org/10.13189/ujer.2019.070427

Atieno, O. (2022). Teacher education students pedagogical content knowledge: Retooling the professional development process in Kenya’s school of education. AJOTE, 11(1), 27–55. https://doi.org/10.21083/ajote.v11i1.6771

Badash, M. (2024). The effectiveness of teacher-student interaction in the English as a foreign language classroom. World Journal of English Language, 15(2), 129–138. https://doi.org/10.5430/wjel.v15n2p129

Bahiru, S (2023). Investigating factors affecting oral communication in EFL class: Dejazmach wondirad SSS in focus. [Master’s thesis, Addis Ababa University]. Addis Ababa University Libraries. https://etd.aau.edu.et/handle/123456789/2566

Bodinga, M., Magaji, M., Bodinga, I., & Salihu, M. (2025). Teachers’ attitudes and its influence on students learning interests in higher institutions in Sokoto State. Kashf Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, 2(09), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.71146/kjmr593

Bonavetti, M. (2015). Oral interaction in the classroom: An up-close view at the English as a foreign language teaching program at Universidad Adventista del Plata. Enfoques, XXVII (1), 51–77. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/295010287

Braden, S. (2018). Teacher preparation for teaching speaking to English learners in K-12 contexts. The TESOL encyclopedia of English language teaching (pp. 1–6). John Wiley & Sons. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118784235.eelt0236

Brown, D. (2000). Teaching by principles: Interactive language teaching pedagogy. Longman.

Dereje, T. (2024). EFL students’ WTC across communicative situations in an instructional context: A quantitative study with focus on a public university in Ethiopia. Journal of Language and Cultural Education, 12(1), 33–44. https://doi.org/10.2478/jolace-2024-0004

Deressa, W., & Getachew, A. (2025). Teaching oral skills in Ethiopian secondary schools: Practices and challenges. GIST - Education and Learning Research Journal, 30(30). https://doi.10.26817/1692577.1901

Destaw, T. (2021). Assessing the practice of oral classroom interaction in EFL classes: The case of Guna Yetagayoch Metasebiya Secondary School [Master’s thesis, Haramaya University]. Haramaya University Repository. http://ir.haramaya.edu.et/hru/bitstream/handle/123456789/4716

Dewan, M. S., & Sherma, B. D. (2025). Enhancing oral communication in English as a second language. Journal of Tikapur Multiple Campus, 8, 18–41. https://nepjol.info/index.php/JoTMC/article/view/75949/58276

Desalegn, M. (2020). Assessing barriers to real practicing speaking skills in EFL classroom: The case of Assosa University, Ethiopia. Open Journal of Social Sciences, 8, 330–342. https://doi.org/10.4236/jss.2020.83030

Duff, P. (2019). Social dimensions and processes in second language acquisition: Multilingual socialization in transnational contexts. Modern Language Journal, 103(5), 6–22. https://doi.org/10.1111/modl.12534

Ellis, N. (2019). Essentials of a theory of language cognition. The Modern Language Journal, 103, 40-60. https://doi.org/10.1111/modl.12532

Ellis, R. (2015). Understanding second language acquisition. OUP.

Eyasu Y., Dereje, A., & Tesfa, A. (2023). EFL teachers’ and students’ attitudes and practices regarding oral communication in English classes: Ethiopian High School Context. International Journal of Language Education, 7(2), 255–270. https://doi.org/10.26858/ijole.v7i2.23062

FDRE (2020). General education curriculum framework: English Language. Addis Ababa: Ministry of Education. https://edumedia-depot.gei.de/server/api/core/bitstreams/3a21f225-3730-4f7f-9d32-44b81cc7ef0b/content

Hall, G. (2011). Exploring English language teaching: Language in action. Routledge.

Harris, D. (2015). The status, roles and challenges of teaching English language in the Ethiopian context: The case of selected primary schools in Hawassa University technology village area. International Journal of Sociology of Education, 4(2), 182–196. http://dx.doi.org/10.17583/rise.2015.1515

Kahveci, H., (2023). The positive and negative effects of teacher attitudes and behaviors on student progress. Journal of Pedagogical Research, 7(1), 290–306. https://doi.org/10.33902/JPR.202319128, ORCID: 0000-0002-8578-5622

Kruk, M. (2021). Second language learning and teaching: Investigating dynamic relationships among individual difference variables in learning English as a foreign language in a virtual world. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-65269-2

Leong, L., & Ahmadi, S. (2017). An analysis of factors influencing learners’ English-speaking skill. International Journal of Research in English Education, 2(1), 1–34.

Long, M. (2016). In defense of tasks and TBLT: Nonissues and real issues. Annual Review of Applied Linguistics, 36, pp. 5–33. Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0267190515000057

Liu, X. (2022). The relation of input, interaction, and output in SLA. Advances in Economics, Business and Management Research, volume 215. Proceedings of the 2022 7th International Conference on Social Sciences and Economic Development (ICSSED 2022). https://doi.org/10.2991/aebmr.k.220405.078

Long, M. (1981). Input, interaction, and second language acquisition. New York Academy of Sciences, 379(1), 259–278. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1981.tb42014.x

Lennon, P. (2021). The foundations of teaching English as a foreign language. Routledge

Martin, F., & Bolliger, D. (2018). Engagement matters: Student perceptions of the importance of engagement strategies in the online learning environment. Online Learning, 22(1), 205–222. https://doi.org/10.24059/olj.v22i1.1092

Mackey, A., & Gass, S. (2022). Second language research: Methodology and design (3rd ed.). Rutledge.

Mede, E., Cosgun, T., & Atay, D. (2019). The importance of oral communication in second language learning. European Journal of Education and Linguistics, 8(3), 92–100.

Minwuyelet A. (2019). An investigation of challenges teachers faces in teaching speaking skills in large classes context: Secondary School EFL Teachers in Focus. International Journal of English Language Education, 7(2). https://doi.org/10.5296/ijele.v7i2.15399

Oyekan, S. O. (2020). Teacher-student relationship and academic achievement. Academic Press. www.researchgate.net/publication/341000789_

Qasserras, L. (2023). Systematic review of communicative language teaching (CLT) in language education: A balanced perspective. European Journal of Education and Pedagogy, 4(6), 2736–4534. https://doi.org/10.24018/ejedu.23.4.6.763

Rijkhoek, R. (2016). Active learning in Ethiopia. Implementation in the pedagogical, social, and cultural context of primary education [Master’s thesis, University of Amsterdam]. University of Amsterdam. https://www.scribd.com/document/532095890/Rijkhoek-Renee-10673814-masterscriptie-owk-30-04-2016-1#google_vignette

Srinath, A. (2024). Role of a teacher in communicative language teaching (CLT) classroom. Research Trends in Language, Literature & Linguistics, 3(3), 30–40.

Sundari, H. (2017). Classroom interaction in teaching English as a foreign language at lower secondary schools in Indonesia. Advances in Language and Literary Studies, 8(6), 147–154. http://dx.doi.org/10.7575/aiac.alls.v.8n.6p.147

Surkamp, C., & Viebrock, B. (Eds.). (2018). Teaching English as a foreign language: An Introduction. J. B. Metzler.

Sürücü, A., & Ünal, A. (2018). Investigation of teacher behavior in increasing and reducing student motivation. OPUS International Journal of Society Research, 8(14), 253–295. https://doi.org/10.26466/opus.404122

Sutton, J. (2024). Victor Vroom’s expectancy theory of motivation. https://www.positivePsychology.com

Tefera, et al. (2018). Ethiopian education development roadmap: An integrated executive summary. Addis Ababa: Ministry of Education, Education Strategy Center (ESC) https://clr.africanchildforum.org/policy%20per%20country/2018%20Update/Ethiopia/ethiopia_drafteducationroadmap_2018_en.pdf

Teng, F. (2019). Autonomy, agency, and identity in teaching and learning English as a foreign language. Springer.

Ur, P. (2012). A course in language teaching: Practice and theory. Cambridge University Press.

Walsh, S. (2011). Exploring classroom discourse: Language in action. Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group

Wojcik, M. (2024). Qualitative research. CN: 10809565. http://www.mwediting.com/advantages-of-qualitative-research

Zeleke T., & Alemtsehay, B. (2015). A study on the implementation of students’ classroom oral interaction in Sire Secondary School EFL class: Grade 10 in focus. Star Journal, 4(2), 294–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/star.v4i2.41

Downloads

Published

2026-05-31

Article Statistics

164 Views
33 Downloads

Issue

Section

Articles

How to Cite

The disparity between attitudes towards oral interaction and classroom performances: The case of senior secondary school EFL teachers in Ethiopia. (2026). Erudita: Journal of English Language Teaching, 6(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.28918/erudita.v6i1.14618