Dominasi Platform Digital dan Ketimpangan Posisi Tawar Pelaku Usaha Kecil: Perspektif Hukum Ekonomi Syariah

Zainal Said; Adnan Hasan; Madina Madina

doi:10.28918/elhisbah.v6i1.15223

Authors

Zainal Said Institut Agama Islam Negeri Parepare
Adnan Hasan
Madina Madina

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.28918/elhisbah.v6i1.15223

Abstract

The transformation of the digital economy has significantly reshaped market structures and business competition patterns, particularly for Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). This study aims to analyze the transformation of MSME market structures, the influence of digital platform dominance on the bargaining position of small business actors, and the effectiveness of regulations and government support in responding to digital economic development in the Ajatappareng region of South Sulawesi. This research employs a qualitative approach using socio-legal and empirical legal research methods. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with the Offices of Cooperatives and MSMEs, Trade Offices, Communication and Information Offices, Regional Legislative Councils (DPRD), and MSME actors in Parepare City, Barru Regency, Pinrang Regency, Sidenreng Rappang Regency, and Enrekang Regency. The findings reveal that MSMEs in Ajatappareng have become increasingly dependent on digital platforms such as Shopee, Tokopedia, Facebook, Instagram, TikTok, and WhatsApp Business for marketing and product distribution activities. While digitalization has expanded market access, the dominance of digital platforms through algorithms, rating systems, and paid promotional features has created unequal bargaining positions that disproportionately favor business actors with greater financial resources and digital capabilities. The study further finds that limited digital literacy, technological capacity, and reduced government empowerment programs following the 2025 budget efficiency policy have weakened MSMEs’ ability to adapt to digital transformation. From the perspective of economic law, a regulatory gap remains regarding algorithmic transparency, platform accountability, and the protection of MSMEs’ bargaining positions within the digital economy. The study concludes that digital economic transformation has not yet ensured equitable distribution of economic opportunities for MSMEs. Therefore, a reconstruction of digital economic policies and regulations is required to establish a more inclusive, affirmative, and equitable framework that strengthens MSME protection within the platform-based digital market ecosystem.

Keywords:

Ajatappareng, Digital Economy, Economic Law, Digital Platforms, Market Transformation, MSMEs

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