FENOMENA KEBAHASAAN ALQURAN (Kajian Proses Morfologis dalam Alquran Surah al-Baqarah)

Abstract

This study aimed to describe morphological aspects of the Arabic language contained in the Qur'an Sura al-Baqarah. They are (1) affixation which includes a prefix, an infix, a suffix, a konfiks, and a transfiks, (2) reduplication, (3) composition, (4) internal modification, (5) shortening, and (6) morphophonemic. This study aims to obtain a clear description of the changes in the shape, type, meaning, and the number of morphologically due process. The study of Arabic morphology in the Qur'an Surah al-Baqarah is the result of a review of the 286 (two hundred and eighty-six verses) which involves several processes language events. First, the process of transformation of the word, i.e, from the base to derivative and the change of word class, i.e, from verb to noun or from noun to verb. For example from morpheme فَلَح /falah-a/ to morpheme مفلح /mu-flih/. Morpheme فَلَح /falah-a/ is a verb, while the morpheme مفلح /mu-flih/ is a noun. Then, the change from noun to verb. For example morpheme ورق /waraq-un/ 'leaf' to be morpheme أورق /auraq-un/ 'leaf'. Morpheme ورق /waraq-un/ is a noun, while the morpheme أورق /auraq-un/ is a verb. Second, the process of change from intransitive verbs into transitive verbs, for example, from morphemes خرج /kharaj-a/ 'out' (intransitive verb) to أخرج /a-khraj-a/ 'eject' (transitive verb). Third, the process involves morphological types / gender of the persona/actor in a sentence, eg verbs كتب /katab-a/ 'he (the man, singularis) (has) written' must undergo a morphological process كتبت /katab-at/ 'her (female, singularis) (has) written' for the subject berkongruensi feminine type. Forth, the changes in terms of numbers, for example, from morphemes أمر /amr-un/ 'issue' to be أمور /umur-un/ 'issues'. Thus, it can be concluded that the Arabic morphological processes involve some processes of change, the change in shape, type, meaning, and the category of number.