Efektivitas Kebijakan Fiskal melalui Bantuan Program Keluarga Harapan Perspektif Maqashid Syariah

Anas Malik; Ali Abdul Wakhid; Ani Nurul Imtihanah

doi:10.28918/elhisbah.v4i1.8485

Authors

Anas Malik Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Intan Lampung, Lampung
Ali Abdul Wakhid Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Intan Lampung, Lampung
Ani Nurul Imtihanah Institut Agama Islam Negeri Metro, Lampung

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.28918/elhisbah.v4i1.8485

Abstract

Fiscal policy is one of the main instruments used by the government to overcome poverty and improve social welfare. Through the management of state revenue and expenditure, the government can encourage economic growth, create jobs, and provide social services for the underprivileged through the Family Hope Program. This article aims to analyze the effectiveness of the Family Hope Program in poverty alleviation efforts, identify fiscal policy challenges in the implementation of the program, and review the effectiveness of PKH fiscal policy from the perspective of maqashid sharia. This study uses a qualitative method with a descriptive-analytical approach, through literature studies and secondary data analysis obtained from official government documents, research reports, and relevant scientific publications. The types of analysis used are content analysis to examine fiscal policy in the implementation of PKH, and normative analysis to assess its compliance with the principles of maqashid sharia. The results of the study indicate that the Family Hope Program is effective in increasing household income, reducing absolute poverty rates, expanding access to education and health services, and improving the socio-economic status of beneficiary families. From the perspective of maqashid sharia, PKH contributes to the protection of five main aspects, namely religion, soul, mind, descendants, and property, which as a whole reflect support for achieving community welfare.

Keywords:

Effectiveness, Fiscal Policy, Maqashid Shariah

References

Alatas, V., Banerjee, A., Hanna, R., Olken, B. A., & Tobias, J. (2011). Targeting the poor: Evidence from a field experiment in Indonesia. American Economic Review, 102(4), 1206–1240.

Amri, H. (2018). Analisis kebijakan moneter pada awal pemerintahan Islam terhadap pembangunan perekonomian Islam. Islamic Banking, 3(2), 1–16.

Asikin, Z. (2021). Public finance and budgeting in Indonesia: Challenges and reforms. Journal of Southeast Asian Economies, 38(2), 203–221.

Banerjee, A., Hanna, R., Kreindler, G., & Olken, B. A. (2020). Debunking the stereotype of the lazy welfare recipient: Evidence from cash transfer programs worldwide. World Bank Research Observer, 35(2), 155–184.

Badan Pusat Statistik. (2020–2024). Laporan tahunan statistik Indonesia. Jakarta: BPS.

Badan Pusat Statistik. (2021). Laporan tahunan statistik Indonesia. Jakarta: BPS.

Bappenas. (2015). Evaluasi pelaksanaan Program Keluarga Harapan (PKH). Jakarta: Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan Nasional.

Basri, M. C. (2020). Political economy of policy reform in Indonesia. Bulletin of Indonesian Economic Studies, 56(3), 367–394.

Berg, A. G., & Ostry, J. D. (2011). Inequality and unsustainable growth: Two sides of the same coin? IMF Staff Discussion Note, SDN/11/08.

Blanchard, O., & Perotti, R. (2002). An empirical characterization of the dynamic effects of changes in government spending and taxes on output. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 117(4), 1329–1368.

Cahyadi, N., Hanna, R., Olken, B. A., Prima, R. A., & Satriawan, E. (2018). Cumulative impacts of conditional cash transfer programs: Experimental evidence from Indonesia. American Economic Journal: Economic Policy, 10(1), 25–57.

Dewi Hanum Azizah. (2021). Kebijakan fiskal Islam sebagai solusi dalam memulihkan dan meningkatkan perekonomian negara di masa pandemi COVID-19. Pancawahana: Jurnal Studi Islam, 16(2). https://doi.org/10.30762/pancawahana.v16i2.XXX

Gupta, S., Clements, B., & Tiongson, E. R. (2002). Public spending on health care and the poor. World Bank Policy Research Working Paper, No. 2868.

Habibah, A. N., Ghofur, R. A., Anggraeni, E., & Malik, A. (2020). Peran kebijakan fiskal Islam dalam mengentas kemiskinan melalui Program Keluarga Harapan. Jurnal Ilmiah Ekonomi Islam, 6(2), 251–258. http://dx.doi.org/10.29040/jiei.v6i2.1014

Hastuti, et al. (2016). The effectiveness of the Program Keluarga Harapan (PKH) in improving access to education and health services in Indonesia. SMERU Research Institute.

Iga Rosalina. (2012). Efektivitas Program Nasional Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Mandiri Perkotaan pada kelompok pinjaman bergulir di Desa Mantren Kec. Karangrejo Kab. Magetan. Jurnal Efektivitas Pemberdayaan Masyarakat, 1(1), 3.

Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan. (2022). Statistik pendidikan 2022. Jakarta: Kemendikbud.

Keynes, J. M. (1936). The general theory of employment, interest, and money. Palgrave Macmillan.

Miles, M. B., & Huberman, A. M. (1994). Qualitative data analysis: An expanded sourcebook. Sage.

Musgrave, R. A., & Musgrave, P. B. (1989). Public finance in theory and practice. McGraw-Hill.

Nurhadi, M., & Santoso, D. (2020). Peran Program Keluarga Harapan dalam perspektif maqashid syariah. Jurnal Ekonomi Syariah Indonesia, 10(1), 15–28.

Olken, B. A., Onishi, J., & Wong, S. (2014). Should aid reward performance? Evidence from a field experiment on health and education in Indonesia. American Economic Journal: Applied Economics, 6(4), 1–34.

Perotti, R. (1996). Growth, income distribution, and democracy: What the data say. Journal of Economic Growth, 1(2), 149–187.

Ravallion, M. (2001). Growth, inequality, and poverty: Looking beyond averages. World Development, 29(11), 1803–1815.

Suryahadi, A., Al Izzati, R., & Suryadarma, D. (2019). The impact of COVID-19 outbreak on poverty: An estimation for Indonesia. SMERU Working Paper.

World Bank. (2011). World development report 2011: Conflict, security, and development. Washington, DC: World Bank.

World Bank. (2018). Indonesia’s PKH conditional cash transfer program: Building on its success. Washington, DC: World Bank.

World Bank. (2020). The impact of conditional cash transfers on household welfare in Indonesia. Washington, DC: World Bank.

Zakiyatul Miskiyah, Zunaidi, A., Almustofa, S., & Suhardi, M. (2022). Kebijakan fiskal dalam perspektif ekonomi makro Islam. Istithmar: Jurnal Studi Ekonomi Syariah, 6(1), 69–83. http://doi.org/10.30762/istithmar.v6i1.33.