Penguatan Pemerintahan Adat dalam Sistem Ketatanegaraan Indonesia:
Kedudukan dan Kewenangan Raja Negeri Waraka
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.28918/p2fv0413Abstract
This study examines the constitutional position and authority of the Raja Negeri Waraka within the Indonesian constitutional system through the perspectives of legal pluralism, living law, and constitutional recognition of indigenous law communities. The research addresses the problem of the subordinative position of customary governance under the dominance of state administrative law, which creates legal uncertainty regarding the legitimacy of indigenous institutions. This study aims to analyze the legal status of the Raja Negeri Waraka according to state law and customary law, as well as to formulate strategies for strengthening customary governance within the national legal system. The research employs a normative juridical method using statutory and conceptual approaches, supported by empirical interview data and analysis of constitutional court decisions, regional regulations, and customary governance practices in Maluku. The findings reveal that the recognition of indigenous law communities in Indonesia remains conditional and administrative in character, reflecting weak legal pluralism and the dominance of legal positivism. Although the Raja Negeri Waraka derives sociological legitimacy from genealogical customary law and living law traditions, formal recognition still depends upon state administrative mechanisms. Therefore, harmonization and reformulation of regulations are necessary to transform state recognition from constitutive recognition into declarative recognition in order to strengthen indigenous autonomy, legal certainty, and constitutional protection of customary governance institutions.
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