Supreme Court's Decision Regarding the Prohibition of Interfaith Marriage and Its Relevance of Maqaṣid Al-Shari'ah

Abdul Aziz; Iqbal Subhan Nugraha; Sugeng Aminudin; Lukman Hakim

doi:10.28918/jhi_v22i1_8

Authors

Abdul Aziz Sekolah Tinggi Agama Islam Nurul Iman Parung, Bogor, Indonesia
Iqbal Subhan Nugraha Sekolah Tinggi Agama Islam Nurul Iman Parung, Bogor, Indonesia
Sugeng Aminudin Institut Agama Islam Nasional Laa Roiba Bogor Jawa Barat, Bogor, Indonesia
Lukman Hakim University of Tripoli, Tripoli, Lebanon

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.28918/jhi_v22i1_8

Keywords:

Human Rights, Interfaith Marriage, Maqasid al-sharī'ah

Abstract

Interfaith marriage is still a debate, especially after the issuance of the Circular of the Supreme Court of the Republic of Indonesia concerning the prohibition of registration of interfaith marriages, which is considered to injure Human Rights. This research discusses the relevance of the Supreme Court's Decision on interfaith marriage with the principles of maqāṣid al-sharī'ah and its implications for the right to freedom of choice of partner. This normative legal research uses a legislative, conceptual, philosophical and case approach. The sources of legal materials are the Circular of the Supreme Court and several Supreme Court decisions related to interfaith marriages in the last three years. The results show that the ratio legis of the Circular of the Supreme Court of the Republic of Indonesia concerning interfaith marriage is to protect Human Rights in line with the principles of maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah such as protection of religion and descent, but on the other hand, it creates conflict with the principles of Human Rights which are also part of the principles of maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah. The researcher argues that the principle of maqāṣid al-sharī'ah should be able to balance religious values and Human Rights in interfaith marriages, by being used as the legal basis and policies related to interfaith marriages. This research can be used as a consideration for policy reform to realize balance and justice for the parties in line with the principle of maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah.

References

Abdullah, Mahadi, Faisal Sarifudin, Mochammad Rizky Maulana, and Dian Latifiani. “Analisis Perkawinan Beda Agama Di Kota The Supreme Courtrang: Sebuah Telaah Setelah Dikeluarkannya The Supreme Court Nomor 2 Tahun 2023.” Jurnal Hukum Dan Kewarganegaraan 1, no. 4 (2023): 1–16. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3783/causa.v1i4.817.

Agustina, Nadia, and Prahasti Suyaman. “Legal Certainty of the Implementation of Mass Itsbat Nikah in Minimizing Marriages Without Certifitaces in the Religious Court of Sukabumi City.” Rechtsnormen Journal of Law 4462 (2023). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.55849/rjl.v1i1.309.

Ahmad Warson Munawwir. Kamus Al-Munawwir: Arab-Indonesia Terlengkap. 3rd ed. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Progresif, 1984.

Aini, Noryamin, Ariane Utomo, and Peter McDonald. “Interreligious Marriage in Indonesia.” Journal of Religion and Demography 6, no. 1 (2019): 189–214. https://doi.org/10.1163/2589742x-00601005.

Al-Ghazali. Mustashfa Min Ilmi Al- Ushul Al-Fiqh. Maktabah syamilah, vol. I, n.d.

Al-Qattān, Mannā’. Tārikh Al-Tasyri’ Al-Islami. Beirut: Mu’assasat al-Risalah, 1996.

Al-Shatibi, Imam. Al-Muwafaqat Fi Usul Al-Shariah, Vol. 2. Beirut: Dar al-Maktabah al-‘Asriyah, 2005.

Al, Muhammad, Faisal Pulungan, and Noor Saptanti. “Jurnal Darma Agung THE LEGAL FORCE OF IMPLEMENTING THE SUPREME COURT NUMBER 2 OF 2023 REGARDING INTERFAITH MARRIAGES BASED ON THE.” Jurnal Darma Agung 32, no. 3 (2024): 215–23. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.46930/ojsuda.v32i3.4381.

Ali, Mubamad. “Fatwas on Inter-Faith Marriage in Indonesia.” Studia Islamika 9, no. 3 (2002): 1–33. https://doi.org/10.15408/sdi.v9i3.658.

Alifa, Hasna Lathifatul, and Ali Sodiqin. “INTERRELIGIOUS MARRIAGES IN INDONESIA : From Legal Disharmony to Legal Conflict.” Justicia Islamica: Jurnal Kajian Hukum Dan Sosial 20, no. 2 (2023): 193–214. https://doi.org/10.21154/justicia.v20i2.5922.

Andhika Santoso, Raihan, Elan Jaelani, and Utang Rosidin. “Kedudukan Dan Kekuatan Hukum Surat Edaran Mahkamah Agung (The Supreme Court) Dalam Hukum Positif Indonesia.” Deposisi: Jurnal Publikasi Ilmu Hukum 1, no. 4 (2023): 07–15. https://doi.org/10.59581/deposisi.v1i4.1392.

As-Syatibi, Abu Ishak. Al-Muwafaqat Fi Ushul Syari’ah. Beirut Libanon: Darul Kutub al-Ilmiyah, n.d.

Asy’ari, Asy’ari, and Triansyah Fisa. “Interfaith Marriage in Perspectives of Classical and Modern Scholars.” Al-Manahij: Jurnal Kajian Hukum Islam 16, no. 2 (2022): 287–300. https://doi.org/10.24090/mnh.v16i2.6772.

Audah, Jasser. Fiqh Al-Maqasid Inatat Al-Ahkam Bi Maqashidiha. Herndon: IIIT, 2007.

Baihaki, Ahmad. “Legality of Registering Interreligious Marriages in Indonesia Post The Supreme Court Number 2 Year 2023.” Journal of Social Research 3, no. 1 (2024): 255–68. https://doi.org/10.55324/josr.v3i1.1912.

Bukido, Rosdalina, and A. Zainal Azhar Ishak. “Exploring the Verdict of Interfaith Marriage under Maqāṣid Sharīa Insights.” Mazahibuna 6, no. 1 (2024): 65–79. https://doi.org/10.24252/mazahibuna.vi.43025.

Dahlan, Abdurrahman, et al. “Al-Būṭī’s Thoughts on Maṣlāḥah and Its Application in the Fatwa of World Fatwa Institutions Abdurrahman.” Samarah: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Dan Hukum Islam 7, no. 2 (2023): 1148–70. https://doi.org/10.22373/sjhk.v7i2.17552.

Desimaliati. “Legality of Registration for International Religious Marriage Based on Court Decisions According To Law and Regulations in Indonesia.” Cepalo 6, no. 2 (2022): 77–90. https://doi.org/10.25041/cepalo.v6no2.2704.

Fahmi, Irfan, Wiwin W Windiantina, and W Windiantina. “Prevention of Registration of Interfaith Marriages Through The Supreme Court Number 2 of 2023.” Al-Ahkam 20, no. 2 (2024): 123–52. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.37035/ajh.v20i1.11035.

Faiz, Ahmad, Shobir Alfikri, and M Azam Rahmatullah. “INTERFAITH MARRIAGE FROM A LEGAL JUSTICE PERSPECTIVE AFTER THE SUPREME COURT ’ S ( THE SUPREME COURT ) 2023 CIRCULAR LETTER.” Alauddin Law Development Journal 6, no. 1 (2024): 92–107. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.24252/aldev.v6i1.44215.

Firdaus, Muhammad Ihsan. “The Legalization of Interfaith Marriage in Indonesia (Between Universalism and Cultural Relativism).” The Easta Journal Law and Human Rights 1, no. 02 (2023): 64–72. https://doi.org/10.58812/eslhr.v1i02.52.

Hadiati, Mia. “Law Number 39 of 1999 Concerning Human Rights, Article 28 E Paragraph (1) and Article 29 Paragraph (2) of the 1945 Constitution, Article 16 Paragraph (1) of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR), Article 2 Paragraph (1) and Article 23 Paragraph.” Unnes Law Review 6, no. 3 (2023): 9051–58. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.31933/unesrev.v6i3.1846.

ibn ‘Asyur, Muhammad al-Thahir. Maqashid Al-Syari’ah Al-Islamiyah. Tunisia: Mashna’ Al-Kitab, n.d.

Iqbal, Alvin M. “Registration of Interfaith Marriages from Maqashid Al-Syari’ah Perspective.” Journal of Islamic Studies 1, no. 1 (2023): 133–51. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.61680/jisc.v1i01.5.

Ismail, Muhammad Rizky Akbar. “Jurnal Cakrawala Hukum The Ideality of Implementing Administrative.” Jurnal Cakrawala Hukum 2, no. 2 (2023): 200–210. https://doi.org/10.33642/ijsspp.v3n1p1.Fatma.

Laraszaty, Galluh, Syaiful Asmi Hasibuan, and J E Melky Purba. “Analyzed of Legal Siri Marriage Registration in a Population Administration ( Family Card ) a Study on Legal Protection for Children.” Polit Journal: Scientific Journal of Politics 2, no. 2 (1974): 86–94. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.33258/polit.v2i2.688.

Mahathir, Tengku, Shariffah Nuridah, and Syed Nong. “The Regulations, Practices and Impacts of Interfaith Marriage in Lombok, Indonesia The Regulations, Practices and Impacts of Interfaith Marriage in Lombok, Indonesia.” International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences 12, no. 11 (2022): 584–92. https://doi.org/10.6007/IJARBSS/v12-i11/14829.

Maloko, M. Thahir, Sippah Chotban, Muhammad Ikram Nur Fuady, and Hasdiwanti. “Analyzing the Prohibition of Interfaith Marriage in Indonesia: Legal, Religious, and Human Rights Perspectives.” Cogent Social Sciences 10, no. 1 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2024.2308174.

Maula, Bani Syarif. “Interfaith Marriage and the Religion–State Relationship: Debates between Human Rights Basis and Religious Precepts.” Samarah: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Dan Hukum Islam 8, no. 2 (2024): 791–820. https://doi.org/10.22373/sjhk.v8i2.19479.

Mayasari, Dian Ety. “Legal Protection of Child ’ s Rights Who Conducts of Marriage.” Fiat Justisia Jurnal Ilmu Hukum 14, no. 2 (2020): 177–88. https://doi.org/10.25041/fiatjustisia.v14no2.1862.

Muharrir, Dkk. “Kekuatan Hukum Surat Edaran Mahkamah Agung Nomor 2 Tahun 2023 Tentang Petunjuk Bagi Hakim Dalam Mengadili Perkara Permohonan Pencatatan Perkawinan Antar-Umat Yang Berbeda Agama Dan Kepercayaan.” Jurnallus Civile 7, no. 2 (2023): 70–81. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.35308/jic.v7i1.8462.

Nasir, Mohamad Abdun. “Negotiating Muslim Interfaith Marriage in Indonesia: Integration and Conflict in Islamic Law.” Mazahib Jurnal Pemikiran Hukum Islam 21, no. 2 (2022): 155–86. https://doi.org/10.21093/mj.v21i2.5436.

Nazaruddin, Nirwan, and Farhan Kamilullah. “Maqashid As-Syariah Terhadap Hukum Islam Menurut Imam As-Syatibi Dalam Al-Muwafaqat.” Jurnal Asy-Syukriyyah 21, no. 1 (2020): 106–23. https://doi.org/10.36769/asy.v21i1.101.

Njonge, Teresia. “Influence of Psychological Well-Being and School Factors on Delinquency , During the Covid-19 Period Among Secondary School Students in Selected Schools in Nakuru County : Kenya.” International Journal of Research and Innovation VII, no. 2454 (2023): 1175–89. https://doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.

Nofialdi. “Al-Risalah RESPONSIBILITY BASED ON MINISTER OF HOME AFFAIRS REGULATION NUMBER 109 OF 2019 : Study in Dharmasraya Regency ,.” Al-Risalah Forum Kajian Hukum Dan Sosial Kemasyarakatan 23, no. 1 (2023): 108–20. https://doi.org/10.30631/alrisalah.v23i1.1358.

Nurishlah, Laesti, Dudi Badruzaman, and Mohamad Yudiyanto. “Legality of Interfaith Marriages in Indonesia : Legal Review , Implementation Management , and Psychological Impact on Families.” IJBLE 5, no. 2 (2024): 1780–87. https://doi.org/ttps://doi.org/10.56442/ijble.v5i2.735.

Pangestu, Ratih Dwi, and Dedy Muharman. “Misalignment of Legal Rules for Recording Marriages between Religious Couples in Indonesia.” International Journal of Politics and Sociology Research 10, no. 4 (2023): 231–41. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.35335/ijopsor.v10i4.78.

Payapo, Idham, and Wahda Z Imam. “Analysis of Interfaith Marriage Law in the Marriage Law and Law Number 23 of 2006 Concerning Population Administration Perspective.” Journal of Science 04, no. 23 (2023): 455–70. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.46799/jss.v4i2.540.

Permanasari, Lolita. “Legal Analysis of Interfaith Marriage in Indonesia.” Journal Of Law Theory And Law Enforcement 2, no. 1 (2023): 35–44. https://doi.org/10.56943/jlte.v2i1.282.

Ramadhan, Muhammad Ihab, Safira Wijaya, Anggi Rachma Zakia Fitri, Ghea Tyagita Cahyasabrina, Bunga Cantika, and Dwi Aryanti Ramadhani. “Human Rights Protection in Interfaith Marriages: Comparative Study of Indonesia and Singapore.” Rechtenstudent 4, no. 3 (2023): 238–47. https://doi.org/10.35719/rch.v4i3.291.

Rivki, Muhammad, and Adam Mukharil Bachtiar. “Questioning Human Rights, Looking for Justice: Analyzing the Impact of Supreme Court Circular Letter on Interfaith Marriages in Indonesia.” Journal of Indonesian Legal Studies 9, no. 1 (2024): 386–400. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.15294/jils.vol9i1.4634.

Rosidah, Zaidah Nur, Lego Karjoko, and Mohd Rizal Palil. “The Government’s Role in Interfaith Marriage Rights Protection: A Case Study of Adjustment and Social Integration.” Journal of Human Rights, Culture and Legal System 3, no. 2 (2023): 265–87. https://doi.org/10.53955/jhcls.v3i2.105.

Saehu, Rahmat, and Ibnu Hasan Muchtar. “Religious Pluralism and Harmony among Buddhist-Muslim Communities Living in East Lampung, Indonesia.” Religious Pluralism and Harmony 13, no. 1 (2023). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.32350/jitc.131.17.

Sahala, Haposan, and Raja Sinaga. “Prohibition for Indonesian Judges to Grant Requests for Registration of Marriages Between People of Different Religions and Beliefs in Indonesia.” Journal of Law, Policy and Globalization 135, no. 1 (2023): 83–88. https://doi.org/10.7176/JLPG/135-09.

Saidah. “Interfaith Marriage in Indonesia: The Controversy between MUI Fatwa and Surabaya District Court Decision.” International Journal of Law and Politics Studies 5, no. 2 (2023): 1–6. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.32996/ijlps.2023.5.3.1.

Salahuddin, Muhammad Salahuddin, Okti Nur Hidayah, Nurul Husnah, and Felia Wati. “Practice of Interfaith Marriages in Indonesia on Islamic Jurisprudence.” International Journal of Social Science and Religion (IJSSR), 2023, 477–90. https://doi.org/10.53639/ijssr.v4i3.205.

Sampuju, Uswatun Hasanah, Suraya Attamimi, and Muhammad Syarief Hidayatullah. “The Impact of Interfaith Marriage from the Maqashid Sharia Perspective,” 119–23, 2023.

Sidqi, Imaro. “Prohibition of Interfaith Marriage in Indonesia : A Study of Constitutional Court Decision Number 24 / PUU-XX / 2022.” Jurnal Ilmiah Al-Syir’ah 21, no. 1 (2023): 154–72. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.30984/jis.v21i1.2337.

Sole, Mariana, and Agusta Nope. “Collaborative Governance in Determining Legal Status for Traditional Marriages of the Dawan Ethnicity.” Advances in Economics, Business and Management Research 191, no. AICoBPA 2020 (2021): 495–500. https://doi.org/10.2991/aebmr.k.210928.094.

Sonkar, Sumit. “Policing Interfaith Marriages : Constitutional Infidelity of the Love Jihad Ordinance.” Journal OfLaw and Religion 37, no. 3 (2022): 432–45. https://doi.org/10.1017/jlr.2022.37.

Sri Maryati, Hudzaifah Achmad, Adang Darmawan Achmad, and Mohd Anuar Ramli. “The Dynamic Landscape of Interfaith Marriage in Indonesia: Navigating The Supreme Court Circular Letter (THE SUPREME COURT) No. 02 of 2023 and Population Administration Law.” Daengku: Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences Innovation 4, no. 3 (2024): 489–502. https://doi.org/10.35877/454ri.daengku2613.

Sulfian, A Sultan. “THE URGENCY OF MARRIAGE REGISTRATION IN THE PERSPECTIVE OF INDONESIAN MARRIAGE LAW AND ISLAMIC LAW.” Jurnal Al-Dustur 6 (2023). https://doi.org/10.30863/aldustur.v6i1.4224.

Sumiarni, Endang, Yustina Niken Sharaningtyas, and Y Sri Pudyatmoko. “The Legal Interpretation of Marriage Agreement of Mixed-Marriage in Indonesia.” International Journal of Social Science and Humanity 12, no. 4 (2022). https://doi.org/10.18178/ijssh.2022.12.4.1095.

Suparman, Eman. “National Legal Development Regarding Illegal Business Impact Toward Society,” 140:666–71, 2020. https://doi.org/10.2991/aebmr.k.200513.126.

Surahmi, Mila, Desmawaty Romli, Citra Dewi Saputra, and Liza Nofianti. “Legal Counseling On Civil Rights Due To Marriage Different Religions In Ogan Ilir Regency – South Sumatra Province.” International Journal Of Community Service Legal, no. 1 (1974): 225–30. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.51601/ijcs.v1i3.39.

Suyaman, Prahasti, and Temmy Fitriah Alfiany. “Polemics of Interfaith Marriage Reviewed from the Perspectives of Marriage Law and the Compilations of Islamic Law.” KnE Social Sciences 2022 (2022): 537–49. https://doi.org/10.18502/kss.v7i15.12129.

Syafrida. “Solution for Recording Interfaith Marriages Following Supreme Court.” Sinergi International Journal of Law, no. 2 (2024): 120–33. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.61194/law.v2i2.158.

Tahir, M Bahtiar, Sahabuddin Sahabuddin, and Marzuki Marzuki. “Juridical Review on Confirmation of Unregistered Marriage ( A Case Study of Palu Religious Court ).” INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY ISLAMIC LAW AND SOCIETY (IJCILS) 1, no. 1 (2019). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.35335/ijopsor.v10i4.78.

Tripathi, Neha, and Anubhav Kumar. “The Constitutional Struggle for Religious Freedom : A Comparative Study of India and Indonesia.” Constitutional Review 8, no. 1 (2022): 1–36. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.31078/consrev811 The.

Wahyuni, Sri. “The Registration Policy of Interfaith Marriage Overseas for Indonesian Citizen.” BESTUUR 10, no. 1 (2022): 12–21. https://doi.org/ttps://doi.org/10.20961/bestuur.v10i1.64330.

Yakub Aiyub Kadir, M. “Interfaith Marriage in Indonesia: A Critique of Court Verdicts.” Yuridika 38, no. 1 (2023): 171–90. https://doi.org/10.20473/ydk.v38i1.38099.