Chemical Analysis and Safety Standards of Halal Food Additives: Ensuring Purity and Compliance with Islamic Guidelines
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.28918/jhc.v1i2.15131Abstract
Driven by the growing demand for safe, ethical, and religiously acceptable foods, the halal food industry has experienced tremendous growth worldwide. Food additives are an integral component of the modern food processing industry; however, given their chemical complexity and diverse sources, they present significant halal integrity issues. This review explores the chemical composition, functionality, and safety of commonly used food additives in halal-certified foods, including preservatives, colorants, emulsifiers, flavor enhancers, stabilizers, and antioxidants. It also assesses the compatibility of these additives with Islamic dietary laws, focusing on source verification, processing methods, and contamination risks. This study systematically examines regulatory frameworks, including international halal standards and certifications, and identifies discrepancies that hinder global harmonization. Furthermore, advanced analytical methods, such as high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), gas chromatography (GC), mass spectrometry (MS), and DNA testing, along with emerging technologies like artificial intelligence (AI), blockchain, and Internet of Things (IoT)-based traceability systems, are evaluated for their contributions to enhancing halal authentication. The findings indicate that ensuring halal compliance requires a comprehensive approach involving chemical analysis, molecular diagnostics, and robust certification systems grounded in the concept of halal-tayyib. Despite technological advancements, significant challenges remain, including a lack of unified standards, contamination risks, and high certification costs. Ultimately, this review highlights the importance of harmonized international standards, improved analytical methods, and closer collaboration among regulatory authorities to enhance the reliability and integrity of halal food additive certification.
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