Rebuke for the Ijtihad of the Prophet (Study of Q.S Al-Nisa’ [4]: 34 as a Verse ‘Itāb)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.28918/religia.v24i2.2855Abstract
As a human being, the Prophet was involved humanly in various dynamics of life. The
Prophet used ijtihad reasoning and subjective tendencies, which are of course relative, in
responding to life's problems. As a messenger of Allah, the actions and words of the
Prophet are decisions for Muslims except for revelation with other provisions from Allah
such as with Q.S al-Nisa ' 4:34; one of the verses that presents a lot controversial
discussion. The Prophet's decision to qiṣāṣ a husband who committed violence against his
wife, his passion is to provide justice and protection to women, but the decision was
overturned by Q.S al-Nisa ' 4:34 which came down with other provisions as well as
nuances of reprimand to the Prophet. The problem to be revealed in this paper is why Q.S
al-Nisa ' 4:34 intervened in the Prophet's decision in responding to domestic violence. This
research is a qualitative library research. The method of description is descriptive-analytical,
which explains the basic construction of the Prophet's ijtihad and the significance of Q.S
al-Nisa 4:34 to be analyzed using a historical-hermeneutical approach. The general
conclusion from this paper is that Q.S al-Nisa' [4]: 34 places the issue of household and
gender relations in the perspective of a social order that has been widely applied. The
decision of the Prophet's qiṣāṣ itself is not wrong but tark al-awlā (leaving a better thing)As a human being, the Prophet was involved humanly in various dynamics of life. The Prophet used
ijtihad reasoning and subjective and of course relative tendencies, in responding to life's problems. As a
messenger of Allah, the actions and words of the Prophet are decisions for Muslims except for revelation
with other provisions from Allah such as with Q.S al-Nisa ' 4:34; one of the verses presenting a lot
controversial discussion. The Prophet's decision to qiṣāṣ a husband who committed violence against his
wife is intended to provide justice and protection to women, but the decision was overturned by Q.S al-
Nisa ' 4:34 which came down with other provisions as well as nuances of reprimand to the Prophet. The
problem to be revealed in this paper is why Q.S al-Nisa ' 4:34 intervened with the Prophet's decision in
responding to domestic violence. This research is a qualitative library research. The method of description is
descriptive-analytical, explaining the basic construction of the Prophet's ijtihad and the significance of Q.S
al-Nisa 4:34 to be analyzed using a historical-hermeneutical approach. The general conclusion drawn
from this paper is that Q.S al-Nisa' [4]: 34 places the issue of household-to-gender relations in the
perspective of a social order that has been widely applied. The decision of the Prophet's qiṣāṣ itself is not
wrong but tark al-awlā (leaving a better thing) because it can actually increase the escalation of domestic
conflicts in patriarchal society. This research contributes to the academic discourse by offering a new
perspective on the relationship between the Prophet's ijtihad and Qur'anic provisions, particularly in
addressing gender and social dynamics.
because it can actually increase the escalation of domestic conflicts in patriarchal society.
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