<b>Beyond Conventional Contract: Adapting Ijarah Principles to Digital Freelance Platform in Indonesia’s Gig Economy</b>
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.28918/rt6qgf29Abstract
This study aims to analyze the transformation of the ijarah contract within the context of digital freelance platforms, develop a sharia-based framework for a sustainable digital work ecosystem, and formulate an implementation model of ijarah principles that supports sustainable development. The growth of digital freelance workers in Indonesia reached 46.47 million in 2023. However, this has not been accompanied by adequate protection of workers' rights, as labor regulations such as Law Number 13 of 2003 and the Job Creation Law Number 11 of 2020 have not specifically regulated digital employment contract mechanisms. The research method employs a Systematic Literature Review using the PRISMA approach, analyzing 38 relevant documents from Google Scholar, ResearchGate, DOAJ, Portal Garuda, and Scopus from the 2015–2025 period. The results reveal significant gaps in the digital freelance ecosystem, where 60% of transactions occur without clear contracts, 58% of workers experience payment uncertainty, and 60% work more than 48 hours per week. This study produces the Integrated Shariah Digital Freelance Platform (ISDFP) framework, which integrates five main components: a Smart Shariah Contract System, Islamic Fair Revenue Sharing with a maximum fee limitation of 15%, a Shariah Protection Mechanism through digital takaful, an Islamic Dispute Resolution System, and a Maqashid-based Monitoring System. This finding enriches our understanding of the flexibility of Islamic law in the contemporary digital economy, providing practical guidance for the development of digital platforms and a normative basis for formulating fair and transparent labor regulations, particularly for freelancers, in accordance with shariah.
Keywords:
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